Should be the responsibility of the shipper in container transport, this responsibility is not enti

Qiu Lin writer Kim Moon House
For container ships, first of all, let us look at the knowledge of the container.
Is defined according to the International Organization iso containers for Standardization iso containers (ISO) Technical iso containers Committee 104 international standard developed for the construction and use of international standard containers. Container through a standardized development process. ISO / TC104 Technical Committee of the International Standardization Organization since its inception in 1961, the international standard iso containers containers had several supplements, changes and modifications, existing international standards for the first series of 13 kinds, which are the same width (2438mm), length four kinds (12192mm, 9125mm, 6058mm, 2991mm), height of four (2896mm, 2591mm, 2438mm, 2438mm). See Table. The first two series and 3 series are downgraded technical reports.
Some large container shipping companies, according to the company's specific circumstances and conditions established by the container ship company standards, these boxes are mainly iso containers used in the company's shipping range. Such as the U.S. company's 35ft sea container. In addition, the current world there are many non-standard containers. Such as non-standard length of container have U.S. companies 35ft sea containers, president of 45ft and 48ft shipping container company; non-standard height container, mainly 9ft and 9.5ft two heights containers; nonstandard width width of container and other container 8.2ft. Since the economic drivers, the world's 20ft 24ft container iso containers weighing a total of more and more, and generally welcomed.
Bench containers can be divided into open side Bench, Bench whole skeleton, there is a complete fixed end wall Bench, unprovoked only fixed prism and bottom gantry container iso containers and so on.
Container classification
Divided according iso containers to types of goods loaded with cargo containers, iso containers bulk containers, liquid cargo container, reefer iso containers containers, etc.; according to zoning, dry containers, refrigerated containers, hanging containers, open top containers, container frame, iso containers tank containers; Press the manufacture of materials, wooden containers, steel containers, aluminum containers, glass, steel containers, iso containers stainless steel containers, etc.; by the structure, there are foldable containers, container and other fixed at fixed points can be sealed container containers, iso containers open top containers, pallet containers, etc.; divided by the total weight, there are 30 tons of containers, 20 tons of containers, 10 tons of container, five tons of container, 2.5 tons of container and so on.
Container Units (TEU), also known as 20 feet conversion units, is to calculate the number of conversion units Container. Most of the current national container transport, have adopted 20 feet and 40 feet long two containers. In order to calculate the number of unified iso containers Container to 20 feet container as a unit, as two 40-foot containers computing unit, in order to facilitate a unified operational calculation of the container.
(1) divided by Size: Currently, the international commonly used dry container (DRYCONTAINER) are: outer dimensions of 20 feet 8 8 feet 6 inches 英尺, referred to 20-foot container; 40 feet 8 8 feet 6 英尺inch, 40-foot container; and in recent iso containers years the use of 40 feet more 英尺 9 8 feet 6 inches, or 40-foot iso containers high cabinet. Common container size are the following:
20-foot container: Outside dimensions iso containers of 20 feet 8 英尺 8.6 feet volume of 5.69 m 2.13 米 2.18 m, picking gross weight is generally 17.5 tons, a volume of 24 to 26 cubic meters. iso containers
40-foot container: outside dimensions of 40 feet 8 英尺 8.6 feet in volume of 11.8 m 2.13 米 2.18 m, picking iso containers gross weight is generally 22 tons, a volume of 54 cubic meters.
40 feet tall cabinet: outside dimensions of 40 feet 8 英尺 9 feet 6 inches, an internal volume of 11.8 m 2.13 2.72 米 米 picking gross weight is generally 22 tons, a volume of 68 cubic meters.
Fiberglass iso containers containers are installed iso containers on a steel frame FRP composite plates. The main advantage is that heat resistance, corrosion resistance and chemical resistance are good, strength Dayong (resistance, can withstand greater stress, easy to clean, easy to repair, iso containers a large volume of container contents; main drawback is larger self, higher cost.
Non-vessel operators (NVOCC): They specialize in container cargo canvassing, unboxing, inland transportation and operating transfer station or inland station business, you can have the practical means of transport, but also do not have. In terms of the real owner, he is a carrier, while the actual carrier, he has a shipper, usually NVOCC shall be governed by the laws of the host country, registered in the relevant government departments. iso containers
Is container transport, container or cargo handling specific handling department iso containers custody exchange. It entrusted the carrier or its agent, conduct the following activities: exchange of FCL cargo, custody; has a container freight station who handle LCL handover; arrange iso containers container ship berthing, loading and unloading containers, Each voyage prepared stowage plan; handle the shipping documents iso containers compiled sign; prepare and sign test container and the use of vehicles in and out of the transfer of relevant documents; handle containers and vehicles, handling tools, the inspection, maintenance, and empty containers cleaning, fumigation and other work; empty transceivers, iso containers storage and safekeeping; arrange empty containers and stacking heavy boxes in the yard, and the preparation of site allocation plan; other related operations. Container loading areas are generally from the wharf front, yard freight station, control tower, repair department, gates and offices. iso containers Sometimes yard or freight station can be extended to 5 to 15 km inside the downtown transit station.

Should be the responsibility of the shipper in container transport, this responsibility is not entirely different from the traditional maritime area. LCL shipper's responsibility and traditional maritime same. FCL responsibility of the shipper is different from traditional transport iso containers are: should ensure that the report is correct and complete shipping information; carrier is entitled to check the box loaded cargo, costs incurred due to check with the shipper; customs or Unpacking Check other authority, and thus the cost difference cargo damage occurs, borne by the shipper; such as container cargo dissatisfied or padded bad, improper stowage, or install a suitable container transport of goods, thus causing damage, poor, the responsibility of the shipper; such as the use of unseaworthy own container shippers, cargo damage caused by accident, the shipper shall be responsible for; containers and equipment in use during the carrier caused by third party property or damage to life, the shipper shall be responsible iso containers for compensation.
The maximum amount of compensation shall be borne by the carrier transport container cargo damage occurred poor. Limitation of Liability LCL is the same as traditional transportation. FCL compensation in accordance with some current international jurisprudence: If you do not specify the number on the bill of lading loaded cargo box, carton as a claims unit; such as the number listed on the bill of lading cargo box, and based upon the number of pieces computing; If the goods are damaged and destroyed, iso containers not a sea, but in the inland transport, iso containers land transport maximum compensation press handle; such as container shipper provided at all or by, in case of loss or damage, indeed the carrier should bear its responsibilities who should be regarded as a claims unit.
In some countries, the container ship routes, each shipping container transport associations in order to monopolize on their route, all the rules were formulated container transport supplier iso containers uses. These rules are for the routes by the guild guild operating within the scope of the case developed. Therefore, the contents of the Association's rules vary, but the basic spirit is the same, namely the responsibility of both sides is the same cargo. Rules contents generally iso containers include the following aspects: container iso containers handling port, distribution transport; container transport jargon explained; transfer mode of transport both cargo liability; booking procedures and freight data reporting; various types of provisions, including bills of lading, plus grant terms, harbor provisions of the terms and accidents; bill of lading; equipment iso containers handover procedures, the use of free time and demurrage charges be collected; delivery procedures; shipping calculation method and payment; various expense items total income approach, rates change regulations; currency devaluation, added provisions; inland transport regulations and fees.
Door to door (door to door): by the shipper is responsible for loading containers, warehouses or factories in their library Carrier acceptance, is responsible iso containers for the entire iso containers transport until the consignee's warehouse or factory warehouse delivery box so far. This entire transport iso containers connections, known as the "door to door" transportation;
Relative term LCL. By the consignor is responsible for packing, counting, stowage and seals plus freight. Unpacking FCL, usually handled by the consignee. However, iso containers the carrier can also be commissioned in freight station unpacking. But the carrier is not responsible for box damage, poor. Unless cargo carrier accidents indeed proof of damage, iso containers the carrier was liable. FCL cargo carrier on to box for the transfer of units. As long as when the container is similar to the appearance of the collection box and seal integrity, the carrier completed the carrier responsibility. FCL freight bill of lading, iso containers to add "principal packing, count and add seals" clause.

Container ship packing scheme plans. Loading areas, according to the packing. Stowage plan by Ocean Shipping iso containers Company prepared in accordance booking list, packing it and yard stowage plan. The consent of the ship and the ship arriving consent, iso containers that line shipment. Such as the Department of halfway through Hong Kong, the ship has been fitted with a container, it should advise the ship stowage relevant information, such as the call back according to the preparation. Stowage plan is a container ship each row and each column stratification transected and composition. When loading, must meet the following requirements: vertical section of the ship to ensure the strength and stability of the ship; maintain the desired trim, the ship sailed to obtain the best performance results, iso containers which has good maneuverability and speed; most reasonable iso containers use of the ship's load and tank capacity; ensure containers in the cabin on the deck intact and secure; want to consider ease of loading and unloading; multi-port loading and unloading must note the following port handling not caused by turning cabin.
The carrier commissioned container handling area, transit station or